PE-22-28

What people use it for

• Mood and depression (popular use)
• Depression and brain-cell growth (animal research)

What PE-22-28 does in the body

A shortened, more stable version of spadin, a natural peptide that blocks the TREK-1 potassium channel in the brain. Blocking TREK-1 produced antidepressant-like effects and new neuron growth in mice.

Strength of evidence

Very weak: mouse studies only; no human trials.

Look up the evidence

• Reviews on PubMed: Summaries of the published research
• Clinical trials on PubMed: Published studies in people
• ClinicalTrials.gov: Registered trials, past and ongoing

Live searches of official databases. New to the terms? See the glossary.

Reported side effects & risks

• Unknown in humans
• Nasal irritation (nasal use)

Who should avoid it or take extra care

• Pregnant or breastfeeding
• Under 18
• Taking antidepressants or other mood medicines (unknown interactions)

Not a complete list. Check with a doctor or pharmacist about your own health and medicines.

Regulatory status

Not approved.

How it's taken

Route: Nasal spray or injection (popular use)

How long it lasts (half-life): Not established in humans

Storage

Unreconstituted (powder) vials are usually kept refrigerated or frozen and away from light. Once mixed with bacteriostatic water, keep refrigerated and do not freeze; follow the supplier's stated beyond-use date.